Which central bank responsibilities may be affected by the internationalisation of the renminbi? In relation to the announcement of the Central Bank of Hungary’s (MNB) Renminbi Programme on 19 February 2015, our background material seeks an answer to this question presenting the international practice and the strategic issues faced by the MNB. This article addresses four issues related to central bank responsibilities in relation to the use of the renminbi: (i) monetary policy instruments; (ii) the renminbi foreign exchange reserve portfolio; (iii) financial stability and supervisory duties in the context of the use of the renminbi and the cross-border activities of Chinese banks; and (iii) issues regarding the development of the payment infrastructure.